Explainer
What is the default client_max_body_size in Nginx?
Nginx defaults to a 1 MiB request-body limit. Learn where to override it and what other upload limits still apply.
Technical guide
Compare one file between two Git commits
Compare a file across Git commits, tags, or branches, inspect word-level changes, and handle renamed paths and three-dot diffs.
Explainer
py.test vs. pytest: which command should you use?
Use pytest or python -m pytest for test runs, and understand the legacy py.test entry point and Python import-path differences.
Explainer
staticmethod vs. classmethod in Python
Choose a static method for class-related logic without implicit state, or a class method when you need the calling class and subclass-aware construction.
Explainer
str() vs. repr() in Python
Use str for readable text and repr for diagnostic representations, with examples of escaped strings and custom __str__ and __repr__ methods.
Technical guide
Find the upstream branch of a local Git branch
Use git branch -vv and upstream references to inspect tracking relationships, refresh ahead/behind counts, and change a branch upstream.
Explainer
Find the index of an item in a Python list
Find the first or every matching list index, handle missing values, and search by a condition with enumerate and next.
Explainer
Generate random integers between two bounds in Python
Use randint for inclusive integer bounds, randrange for an exclusive stop, and secrets for security-sensitive randomness.
Technical guide
Change the author name and email on multiple Git commits
Correct author information with git filter-repo or interactive rebase, distinguish author from committer, and plan a coordinated history rewrite.
Technical guide
Stop Git from asking for credentials on every push
Configure an HTTPS credential helper or SSH key for GitHub, manage expired tokens, and troubleshoot repeated authentication prompts.
Technical guide
Fix a rejected push after rebasing a feature branch
Understand non-fast-forward pushes after rebase, use an explicit force-with-lease safely, and protect work on shared branches.
Technical guide
Troubleshoot Git push authentication failures
Check HTTPS tokens, SSH keys, cached credentials, repository permissions, and organization SSO when a Git push fails to authenticate.