Technical guide
Delete a remote Git tag
Use a fully qualified tag ref, handle local copies separately, and preserve annotated-tag metadata when recovery matters.
Technical guide
Remove local Git commits before pushing
Inspect which commits differ from the intended upstream, choose how reset handles their changes, and preserve a recovery point before rewriting.
Technical guide
Split a subdirectory into a separate Git repository
Extract a directory and its relevant history with git-filter-repo or subtree split, then publish the new repository and update its dependencies.
Technical guide
Check a PEM certificate’s expiration date
Read notAfter with OpenSSL, test an expiration threshold, inspect certificate bundles, and calculate remaining days with explicit error handling.
Explainer
Determine an object’s type in Python
Use type for exact classes, isinstance for inheritance-aware checks, and issubclass for classes. Check supported operations directly when type is not the requirement.
Technical guide
Find the remote URL of a local Git repository
Inspect fetch and push URLs, distinguish configured URLs from rewritten URLs, and understand why origin is not a permanent record of the original clone.
Explainer
Diagnose sleeping processes on Linux
Distinguish normal interruptible sleep from blocked tasks, growing worker pools, and zombie processes.
Explainer
Skip or deselect a test in pytest
Use pytest skip and skipif markers, distinguish expected failures from skipped tests, and temporarily exclude a test by its node ID.
Explainer
Reduce requests and urllib3 log noise in Python
Set requests and urllib3 logger thresholds, understand inherited levels and propagation, and keep useful HTTP warnings visible without hiding application exceptions.
Explainer
Control logging output during Python tests
Separate suppressing log records from hiding pytest output, restore logging state after tests, and keep caplog assertions meaningful.
Explainer
Silence application logs in Django tests
Suppress noisy Python logs for selected tests, restore the previous state, and keep log assertions working.
Explainer
Disable HTTP access logs in Python web applications
Control access logs in Flask, Django, Uvicorn, and Gunicorn while retaining the error records you need to investigate failures.